Wolf spider
Wolf spiders are among the most prolific hunting (non-web spinning) spiders. They are one of many species that scuttle around on forest floors and in gardens.
In spring the males rush around, waving their palps up and down, to signal to a prospective female that they are willing to mate.
Once mated the female makes her egg sac, wraps it in silk, attaches it to her abdomen and carries it with her. The sac looks rather like a pale secondary abdomen.
After the babies hatch, they are carried on her back until they eventually fall off and make their own way in the world.
Pardosa spp
Photo credit: Tone Killick